Mendel's Laws of Inheritance - Revision history

Bobv at 05:47, 13 May 2010

2010-05-13T05:47:15Z

Bobv at 05:43, 13 May 2010

2010-05-13T05:43:55Z

Bobv at 05:13, 13 May 2010

2010-05-13T05:13:47Z

Dfbachhuber at 16:15, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T16:15:30Z

Dfbachhuber at 16:13, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T16:13:32Z

Dfbachhuber at 16:09, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T16:09:15Z

Dfbachhuber at 16:06, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T16:06:28Z

Dfbachhuber at 16:04, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T16:04:19Z

Dfbachhuber at 15:57, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T15:57:14Z

Dfbachhuber at 15:55, 11 May 2010

2010-05-11T15:55:13Z

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 Inheritance, Generation, Domestication, Monk, Pollination, Stamen, Pistil, Offspring, Carpel
-Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|thumb|center|254x329px]]
+Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|center|254x329px]]
 <br>

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 Inheritance, Generation, Domestication, Monk, Pollination, Stamen, Pistil, Offspring, Carpel
-Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|frame|center|200px]]
+Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|thumb|center|254x329px]]
-)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
+<br>
 &nbsp;
-[[Image:Arabian horse boss.jpg|frame|left|200px]][[Image:Mendel Draft-horse.jpg|frame|right|200px]]
+<br>
 <br>
@@ Line 34: / Line 46: @@
 <br>
 <br>
@@ Line 49: / Line 67: @@
 <br>
-People also learned how to breed crop plants with bigger seeds, or different types of flowers, but no one knew how this mystery worked until Gregor Mendel. [[Image:Mendel pu.jpg]] 2.)Mendel was a monk, who was born in 1822. The religious life often gave people the time they need to do this kind of work. My own Aunt Ruth (Sister Hilaire) was a botany professor. She had an entire greenhouse at her disposal for student work, experiments, etc.
+<br>
-)Before Mendel, people thought that features of each parent blended together, like paint on a palette. They noticed that kids looked like their parents, but they thought it was a blending of features. No one understood why certain features in one parent disappeared for a generation, and then reappeared later. If you look at the photo below, what traits seem to be blended in the flowers that appear on the outside of the frame?
+<br>
-[[Image:Blue flowers.jpg|frame|left|377x266px]]
+<br>
-)Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they had clear-cut features.
+) Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they had clear-cut features.
 —They were either TALL or SHORT. (Never medium-sized) —The flowers were either PURPLE or WHITE. —He also tested other traits: if the seed color is yellow or green, if the flower position is axil or terminal, if the pod shape is inflated or constricted, if the pod color is yellow or green, and if the seed shape is round or wrinkled. —Pea plants also reproduce rapidly and have many new generations in a short amount of time.
@@ Line 62: / Line 82: @@
 )Do you know how pea plants reproduce? Male and female sex organs are found together inside the pea plant flower. Tiny male pollen grains on the stamen are carried to the female organs, the pistil, which includes the carpel, in a process called pollination. A seed is formed, which can then grow into a new plant.
 ) Mendel’s experiment.
-—Crossing. [[Image:Cross pollination.jpg|frame|right|150x150px]]With a paintbrush he carefully transferred pollen from the stamen of a purple flower to the pistil of a white flower. When the plant produced seeds, he planted them and observed the color of the flower. Have the students observe the diagram below and tell what they see happening.
+—Crossing. With a paintbrush he carefully transferred pollen from the stamen of a purple flower to the pistil of a white flower. When the plant produced seeds, he planted them and observed the color of the flower. Have the students observe the diagram below and tell what they see happening.
 —Next, he allowed the offspring to produce seeds, planted them, and observed the results.
-<br> 7)The results:
+<br>
 —With a white male and a purple female parent, all the flowers of the first generation were purple. —
@@ Line 75: / Line 131: @@
 —But the white flower appeared in the second generation at a ratio of ¼. One out of every four offspring was white.
-<br> 8)Mendel suggested that inside each plant were “factors of inheritance,” that we now call genes. He thought that the white plant gave a white factor to the seed, while the purple plant gave a purple factor to the seed. Therefore the plants each carried one white and one purple factor. Why did they all turn purple?
+<br> 8) Mendel suggested that inside each plant were “factors of inheritance,” that we now call genes. He thought that the white plant gave a white factor to the seed, while the purple plant gave a purple factor to the seed. Therefore the plants each carried one white and one purple factor. Why did they all turn purple?
 —They turned purple, Mendel said, because purple is “dominant” over white. That means that if they are each present, the purple will win out.
-—By the second generation, each seed will contain a white factor and a purple factor. One plant will have two purple factors. Two will have one of each, and one will have all white. How many plants will have purple flowers in the second generation? Right, three. Only the plant with two white factors will turn out white because purple is always dominant over white. Because the white factor won’t show itself unless it is paired with a second white factor, Mendel called this factor recessive. [[Image:220px-Punnett square mendel flowers.svg.png|frame|left|150x150px]]
+—By the second generation, each seed will contain a white factor and a purple factor. One plant will have two purple factors. Two will have one of each, and one will have all white. How many plants will have purple flowers in the second generation? Right, three. Only the plant with two white factors will turn out white because purple is always dominant over white. Because the white factor won’t show itself unless it is paired with a second white factor, Mendel called this factor recessive.
-)What are your impressions of Mendel as a man and as a scientist? What character traits allowed Mendel to succeed?
+) What are your impressions of Mendel as a man and as a scientist? What character traits allowed Mendel to succeed?
-)Today, we talk about dominant and recessive genes. Can you think of pairs of characteristics that humans have?
+) Today, we talk about dominant and recessive genes. Can you think of pairs of characteristics that humans have?
 —Eye color: brown, green, blue, hazel. Which are dominant and which are recessive? —Hair color: brown, blond. Which is dominant, and which is recessive? —What about height? If you have one tall parent, and one short parent?

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 '''Presentation:'''
-.) Have student record the following vocabulary. Short definitions
+) Have student record the following vocabulary. Short definitions
 Inheritance, Generation, Domestication, Monk, Pollination, Stamen, Pistil, Offspring, Carpel
-Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|frame|center|150x150px]]
+Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|frame|center|200px]]
-.)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
+)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
-[[Image:Mendel Draft-horse.jpg|frame|right|150x150px]]
+&nbsp;
-[[Image:Arabian horse boss.jpg|frame|left|200x300px]]
+[[Image:Arabian horse boss.jpg|frame|left|200px]][[Image:Mendel Draft-horse.jpg|frame|right|200px]]
 People also learned how to breed crop plants with bigger seeds, or different types of flowers, but no one knew how this mystery worked until Gregor Mendel. [[Image:Mendel pu.jpg]] 2.)Mendel was a monk, who was born in 1822. The religious life often gave people the time they need to do this kind of work. My own Aunt Ruth (Sister Hilaire) was a botany professor. She had an entire greenhouse at her disposal for student work, experiments, etc.
-.)Before Mendel, people thought that features of each parent blended together, like paint on a palette. They noticed that kids looked like their parents, but they thought it was a blending of features. No one understood why certain features in one parent disappeared for a generation, and then reappeared later. If you look at the photo below, what traits seem to be blended in the flowers that appear on the outside of the frame?
+)Before Mendel, people thought that features of each parent blended together, like paint on a palette. They noticed that kids looked like their parents, but they thought it was a blending of features. No one understood why certain features in one parent disappeared for a generation, and then reappeared later. If you look at the photo below, what traits seem to be blended in the flowers that appear on the outside of the frame?
 [[Image:Blue flowers.jpg|frame|left|377x266px]]
-.)Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they had clear-cut features.
+)Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they had clear-cut features.
 —They were either TALL or SHORT. (Never medium-sized) —The flowers were either PURPLE or WHITE. —He also tested other traits: if the seed color is yellow or green, if the flower position is axil or terminal, if the pod shape is inflated or constricted, if the pod color is yellow or green, and if the seed shape is round or wrinkled. —Pea plants also reproduce rapidly and have many new generations in a short amount of time.
@@ Line 33: / Line 61: @@
 Mendel wanted to see how these characteristics were passed down from one generation of pea plants to the next.
-.)Do you know how pea plants reproduce? Male and female sex organs are found together inside the pea plant flower. Tiny male pollen grains on the stamen are carried to the female organs, the pistil, which includes the carpel, in a process called pollination. A seed is formed, which can then grow into a new plant.
+)Do you know how pea plants reproduce? Male and female sex organs are found together inside the pea plant flower. Tiny male pollen grains on the stamen are carried to the female organs, the pistil, which includes the carpel, in a process called pollination. A seed is formed, which can then grow into a new plant.
-.) Mendel’s experiment.
+) Mendel’s experiment.
 —Crossing. [[Image:Cross pollination.jpg|frame|right|150x150px]]With a paintbrush he carefully transferred pollen from the stamen of a purple flower to the pistil of a white flower. When the plant produced seeds, he planted them and observed the color of the flower. Have the students observe the diagram below and tell what they see happening.
@@ Line 41: / Line 69: @@
 —Next, he allowed the offspring to produce seeds, planted them, and observed the results.
-<br> 7.)The results:
+<br> 7)The results:
 —With a white male and a purple female parent, all the flowers of the first generation were purple. —
@@ Line 47: / Line 75: @@
 —But the white flower appeared in the second generation at a ratio of ¼. One out of every four offspring was white.
-<br> 8.)Mendel suggested that inside each plant were “factors of inheritance,” that we now call genes. He thought that the white plant gave a white factor to the seed, while the purple plant gave a purple factor to the seed. Therefore the plants each carried one white and one purple factor. Why did they all turn purple?
+<br> 8)Mendel suggested that inside each plant were “factors of inheritance,” that we now call genes. He thought that the white plant gave a white factor to the seed, while the purple plant gave a purple factor to the seed. Therefore the plants each carried one white and one purple factor. Why did they all turn purple?
 —They turned purple, Mendel said, because purple is “dominant” over white. That means that if they are each present, the purple will win out.
-—By the second generation, each seed will contain a white factor and a purple factor. One plant will have two purple factors. Two will have one of each, and one will have all white. How many plants will have purple flowers in the second generation? Right, three. Only the plant with two white factors will turn out white because purple is always dominant over white. Because the white factor won’t show itself unless it is paired with a second white factor, Mendel called this factor recessive. [[Image:220px-Punnett_square_mendel_flowers.svg.png|frame|left|150x150px]]
+—By the second generation, each seed will contain a white factor and a purple factor. One plant will have two purple factors. Two will have one of each, and one will have all white. How many plants will have purple flowers in the second generation? Right, three. Only the plant with two white factors will turn out white because purple is always dominant over white. Because the white factor won’t show itself unless it is paired with a second white factor, Mendel called this factor recessive. [[Image:220px-Punnett square mendel flowers.svg.png|frame|left|150x150px]]
-.)What are your impressions of Mendel as a man and as a scientist? What character traits allowed Mendel to succeed?
+)What are your impressions of Mendel as a man and as a scientist? What character traits allowed Mendel to succeed?
-.)Today, we talk about dominant and recessive genes. Can you think of pairs of characteristics that humans have?
+)Today, we talk about dominant and recessive genes. Can you think of pairs of characteristics that humans have?
 —Eye color: brown, green, blue, hazel. Which are dominant and which are recessive? —Hair color: brown, blond. Which is dominant, and which is recessive? —What about height? If you have one tall parent, and one short parent?

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 Inheritance, Generation, Domestication, Monk, Pollination, Stamen, Pistil, Offspring, Carpel
-Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01_mendel_pu.jpg|frame|center|150x150px]]
+Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01 mendel pu.jpg|frame|center|150x150px]]
 .)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 —They turned purple, Mendel said, because purple is “dominant” over white. That means that if they are each present, the purple will win out.
-—By the second generation, each seed will contain a white factor and a purple factor. One plant will have two purple factors. Two will have one of each, and one will have all white. How many plants will have purple flowers in the second generation? Right, three. Only the plant with two white factors will turn out white because purple is always dominant over white. Because the white factor won’t show itself unless it is paired with a second white factor, Mendel called this factor recessive.
+—By the second generation, each seed will contain a white factor and a purple factor. One plant will have two purple factors. Two will have one of each, and one will have all white. How many plants will have purple flowers in the second generation? Right, three. Only the plant with two white factors will turn out white because purple is always dominant over white. Because the white factor won’t show itself unless it is paired with a second white factor, Mendel called this factor recessive. [[Image:220px-Punnett_square_mendel_flowers.svg.png|frame|left|150x150px]]
 .)What are your impressions of Mendel as a man and as a scientist? What character traits allowed Mendel to succeed?

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 Inheritance, Generation, Domestication, Monk, Pollination, Stamen, Pistil, Offspring, Carpel
-Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel:
+Inheritance—passing down traits from generation to generation. Generation—The change in time from a parent’s life to its offspring. Domestication—taming of plants or animals for human use. Monk—a member of a religious order devoted to prayer. Pollination—Transfer of male pollen to the female pistil. Stamen—the male part of a plant that carries the pollen. Pistil—the female part of the plant that receives the pollen. Offspring—in plants, the offspring are the seeds. Carpel—the part of the plant in which the seed is formed Mendel: [[Image:01_mendel_pu.jpg|frame|center|150x150px]]
 .)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 —With a white male and a purple female parent, all the flowers of the first generation were purple. —
-—But the white flower appeared in the second generation at a ratio of ¼. One out of every four offspring was white. [[Image:220px-Punnett_square_mendel_flowers.svg.png|frame|right|150x150px]]
+—But the white flower appeared in the second generation at a ratio of ¼. One out of every four offspring was white.
 <br> 8.)Mendel suggested that inside each plant were “factors of inheritance,” that we now call genes. He thought that the white plant gave a white factor to the seed, while the purple plant gave a purple factor to the seed. Therefore the plants each carried one white and one purple factor. Why did they all turn purple?

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 .)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
-[[Image:Arabian_horse_boss.jpg|frame|left|200x300px]]
+[[Image:Mendel_Draft-horse.jpg|frame|right|150x150px]]
 People also learned how to breed crop plants with bigger seeds, or different types of flowers, but no one knew how this mystery worked until Gregor Mendel. [[Image:Mendel pu.jpg]] 2.)Mendel was a monk, who was born in 1822. The religious life often gave people the time they need to do this kind of work. My own Aunt Ruth (Sister Hilaire) was a botany professor. She had an entire greenhouse at her disposal for student work, experiments, etc.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:57, 11 May 2010
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	1.)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?		1.)What is domestication of animals? What culture first domesticated animals? (Sumerians) How Long ago? (5,000 years). (Name some advantageous characteristics: sheep with more wool, cow with more milk, more aggressive dog, etc.) People knew how to breed desired characteristics into animals by mating pairs with the desired traits. How are these two horses different from each other? What do you think each horse would be used for? How did humans develop each type of horse?
		+
		+	[[Image:Arabian_horse_boss.jpg\|frame\|left\|200x300px]]

	People also learned how to breed crop plants with bigger seeds, or different types of flowers, but no one knew how this mystery worked until Gregor Mendel. [[Image:Mendel pu.jpg]] 2.)Mendel was a monk, who was born in 1822. The religious life often gave people the time they need to do this kind of work. My own Aunt Ruth (Sister Hilaire) was a botany professor. She had an entire greenhouse at her disposal for student work, experiments, etc.		People also learned how to breed crop plants with bigger seeds, or different types of flowers, but no one knew how this mystery worked until Gregor Mendel. [[Image:Mendel pu.jpg]] 2.)Mendel was a monk, who was born in 1822. The religious life often gave people the time they need to do this kind of work. My own Aunt Ruth (Sister Hilaire) was a botany professor. She had an entire greenhouse at her disposal for student work, experiments, etc.